MARYLAND STATE—Regarding historical significance in Maryland, St. Mary's City holds a special place. Founded in 1634 as the first European settlement in the state, it served as the colonial capital for 61 years until 1695. It is considered the fourth oldest permanent English settlement in the United States, making it a fascinating destination for history buffs and curious travelers.
St. Mary's City: Maryland's First Colonial Capital and Oldest Town
The story of St. Mary's City begins with the arrival of English colonists seeking religious freedom and economic opportunity in the New World. Led by Leonard Calvert, the settlers landed on the shores of the Chesapeake Bay and established a colony that would eventually become the state of Maryland.
St. Mary's City quickly grew into a thriving port town with a bustling economy based on tobacco cultivation and trade. It also served as the political and social center of the colony, with a vibrant community of merchants, artisans, and government officials.
Colonial Capital and Cultural Hub
As the colonial capital, St. Mary's City was home to the Maryland General Assembly, the first legislative body in the colonies to be elected by the people. The city also boasted a vibrant religious and cultural life, with churches, schools, and taverns serving the growing community's needs.
Decline and Rediscovery
Despite its initial prosperity, St. Mary's City's fortunes waned in the late 17th century. The capital was moved to Annapolis in 1695, and the town gradually declined, eventually becoming a ghost town.
However, in the 20th century, archaeologists began excavating the site, uncovering the remnants of the once-thriving colonial capital. Today, Historic St. Mary's City is a living history museum and archaeological park where visitors can explore reconstructed buildings, learn about the lives of early settlers, and experience firsthand the rich history of Maryland's oldest town.
A Journey Through Time
Historic St. Mary's City offers a variety of attractions and activities for visitors of all ages. Explore the reconstructed State House, where the Maryland General Assembly met, or visit the Godiah Spray Tobacco Plantation, a living history farm that showcases the region's agricultural heritage. The museum's exhibits and programs provide a fascinating glimpse into the early settlers' lives, challenges, and triumphs.
St. Mary's City is a testament to the enduring legacy of Maryland's colonial past. Its rich history, archaeological treasures, and immersive experiences make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in exploring the roots of American history.
