IOWA STATE - Before Iowa became the 29th state in the Union, it was a land known by many names and inhabited by diverse people for thousands of years. 
Iowa: Before the Hawkeye State
The land we now call Iowa was home to various Native American tribes, including the Ioway, Sauk, Meskwaki, and many others. Each tribe had its own name for the region, often reflecting its natural features or relationship with the land. From whom the state derives its name, the Ioway people called themselves "Baxoje," which translates to "the grey snow."
Early European Influences
As European explorers and traders arrived in the 17th century, the region became known by different names based on the colonial powers who sought to claim it. The French, who had a significant presence in the area, called it part of "La Louisiane" or Louisiana.
Territorial Transition
Following the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the region became part of the United States. It was initially included within the larger territories of Indiana, Louisiana, Michigan, Missouri, and Wisconsin before being organized into the Iowa Territory in 1838.
Nicknames before Statehood
During its territorial period, Iowa acquired a few nicknames. "The Land of Rolling Prairies" highlighted its vast and fertile grasslands, while "The Beautiful Land" captured its scenic appeal.
However, the nickname that would ultimately stick, "The Hawkeye State," is believed to have originated from a newspaper editor in Burlington, Iowa, named James G. Edwards. He adopted the name in honor of Chief Black Hawk, a prominent Sauk leader. The nickname became popular and was officially recognized when Iowa achieved statehood in 1846.
Iowa's journey to statehood was shaped by diverse cultures and historical events. The names and nicknames associated with the land before it became the official state offer a glimpse into its rich past and the enduring spirit of its people.
